【原题呈现】
【 Original title presentation 】
阅读下面的材料，根据要求写作。(60分）
Read the following material and write according to the requirements. (60 points)
据《论语》记载，季文子办事，要三思而后行，孔子听了说：“考虑两次就可以了。”一位旅行博主说：“不要等一切都准备好了再出发，先出发，在旅途中不断准备。”
According to the Analects, Ji Wenzi should think twice before taking action. Confucius said, "Just think twice." A travel blogger said, "Don't wait until everything is ready before setting off. Start first and keep preparing during your journey
对于行动与行动之前的准备，你有何看法？请写一篇文章。
What is your opinion on action and preparation before action? Please write an article.
要求：选准角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题；不要套作，不得抄袭；不得泄露个人信息；不少于800字。
Requirements: Choose the right angle, determine the intention, clarify the style, and draft the title on your own; Do not copy or plagiarize; Do not disclose personal information; Not less than 800 words.
材料类型
Material Type
本次作文材料属于观点碰撞型材料。
This essay material belongs to the category of viewpoint collision materials.
材料中呈现了两种不同观点，一是源自《论语》及孔子对季文子“三思而后行”的看法，强调行动前需思考，但思考次数并非越多越好；二是旅行博主“不要等一切都准备好了再出发，先出发，在旅途中不断准备”的观点，突出不能因过度准备而延误行动。
There are two different viewpoints presented in the material. One is derived from the Analects and Confucius' view on Ji Wenzi's "think twice before acting", emphasizing the need to think before taking action, but the more times one thinks, the better; The second is the viewpoint of travel bloggers that "don't wait until everything is ready before setting off, set off first and keep preparing during the journey", emphasizing that action should not be delayed due to excessive preparation.
这两种观点围绕行动与行动之前的准备展开，看似矛盾，实则蕴含深刻哲理，引导考生思考行动与准备之间的辩证关系，激发考生深入探讨并形成自己的见解。
These two perspectives revolve around action and preparation before action, seemingly contradictory but actually containing profound philosophy, guiding candidates to think about the dialectical relationship between action and preparation, inspiring them to explore and form their own insights.
审题步骤
Steps for topic review
本次作文审题可分三步。
This essay topic review can be divided into three steps.
首先，精准提炼材料核心观点，明确材料围绕“行动与行动之前的准备”展开，呈现“适度思考准备”与“先行动再途中准备”两种不同态度。
Firstly, accurately extract the core points of the material, clarify that the material revolves around "action and preparation before action", and present two different attitudes: "moderate thinking preparation" and "preparation before action".
其次，剖析观点内涵与关系，认识到两者并非绝对对立，而是相辅相成，强调思考准备要适度，行动不能因过度准备而迟缓，需在二者间找平衡。
Secondly, analyzing the connotation and relationship of viewpoints, it is recognized that the two are not absolutely opposed, but complement each other, emphasizing the need for moderate thinking and preparation, and action should not be delayed due to excessive preparation. A balance needs to be found between the two.
最后，结合现实思考立意方向，可探讨适度准备对行动的助力，行动中不断完善的意义，以及如何在生活、学习、工作中运用这种智慧，让行动更高效，人生更精彩 。
Finally, based on practical considerations, we can explore the power of moderate preparation in action, the significance of continuous improvement in action, and how to apply this wisdom in life, study, and work to make action more efficient and life more exciting.
审题与立意
Topic review and concept
审题指导
Topic review guidance
本题材料围绕“行动与行动之前的准备”这一话题，呈现了两种不同的观点：一是《论语》中孔子对季文子“三思而后行”的回应，强调行动前思考要适度；二是旅行博主主张“不要等一切都准备好了再出发，先出发，在旅途中不断准备”。
The material of this question revolves around the topic of "action and preparation before action", presenting two different perspectives: one is Confucius' response to Ji Wenzi's "think twice before acting" in the Analects, emphasizing the need for moderate thinking before action; The second is that travel bloggers advocate "don't wait until everything is ready before setting off, set off first and keep preparing during the journey".
审题时，需把握以下几点：
When reviewing a topic, it is necessary to grasp the following points:
理解观点内涵：深入理解两种观点的实质，“三思”并非越多越好，而是要把握思考的度；“先出发再准备”并非完全摒弃准备，而是在行动中不断完善。
Understanding the connotation of the viewpoint: To deeply understand the essence of the two viewpoints, "think twice" is not the more the better, but to grasp the degree of thinking; 'Setting out first and then preparing' does not mean completely abandoning preparation, but constantly improving through action.
分析观点关系：认识到两者并非相互对立，而是辩证统一的。适度的准备能为行动提供方向和保障，而行动则是检验和完善准备的实践过程。
Analyze the relationship between viewpoints: recognize that the two are not mutually opposed, but dialectically unified. Moderate preparation can provide direction and guarantee for action, while action is the practical process of testing and improving preparation.
联系现实生活：将观点与现实生活相联系，思考在学习、工作、生活中，我们常常面临准备与行动的抉择。比如，学习新知识时，不能只做理论准备而不实践；开展新项目时，也不能毫无准备就盲目行动。
Connecting with real life: Linking viewpoints with real life, thinking about how we often face choices between preparation and action in learning, work, and life. For example, when learning new knowledge, one cannot only prepare theoretically without putting it into practice; When starting a new project, one should not act blindly without preparation.
写作时，可选取其中一个角度深入论述，如强调适度准备的重要性；也可综合两者，探讨如何在行动与准备之间找到平衡，以实现更好的发展。无论选择何种角度，都要紧扣材料，结合具体事例，使论证充分有力。
When writing, one can choose one perspective to delve into, such as emphasizing the importance of moderate preparation; It is also possible to integrate the two and explore how to find a balance between action and preparation to achieve better development. Regardless of the angle chosen, it is important to focus on the material and combine it with specific examples to make the argument sufficiently strong.
立意指导
Intentional guidance
本次作文材料聚焦“行动与行动之前的准备”，给出了两种不同观点，为我们提供了多元的思考角度，可从以下方向立意：
This essay material focuses on "Action and Preparation Before Action" and provides two different perspectives, offering us diverse ways of thinking that can be approached from the following directions:
适度准备，高效行动：孔子认为考虑两次即可，并非否定准备，而是强调准备要适度。在现实生活中，我们常常陷入过度准备的误区，因追求完美而错失行动时机。适度准备能让我们明确目标、理清思路，为行动奠定基础，避免盲目行动。如学习一门新语言，不必等掌握所有语法知识再开口，在适度准备后勇敢表达，在实践中不断提升。
Moderate preparation, efficient action: Confucius believed that considering twice is enough, not denying preparation, but emphasizing the need for moderate preparation. In real life, we often fall into the trap of excessive preparation and miss the opportunity to take action due to the pursuit of perfection. Moderate preparation can help us clarify our goals, clarify our thoughts, lay the foundation for action, and avoid blind action. When learning a new language, there is no need to wait until you have mastered all the grammar knowledge before speaking. After moderate preparation, bravely express yourself and continuously improve in practice.
先行动，边行边备：旅行博主的话提醒我们，不能因准备不足而停滞不前。很多机会稍纵即逝，若一味等待完美准备，可能永远无法出发。先行动起来，在过程中不断发现问题、解决问题，完善准备。比如创业，不能等所有条件都成熟才开始，而是要在行动中积累经验、调整策略。
Take action first, prepare while you go: The words of travel bloggers remind us not to stagnate due to insufficient preparation. Many opportunities are fleeting, and if you blindly wait for perfect preparation, you may never be able to set off. Take action first, constantly discover and solve problems during the process, and improve preparation. For example, in entrepreneurship, one cannot wait until all conditions are ripe before starting, but rather accumulate experience and adjust strategies through action.
思行相谐，成就人生：将两者结合，认识到行动与准备相辅相成。行动前需思考准备，为行动指引方向；行动中不断总结反思，完善准备。在学习、工作中，我们应在深思熟虑后果断行动，又在行动中不断积累、进步，如此方能更好地实现目标，成就精彩人生。
Harmony of thought and action, achieving life: Combining the two, realizing that action and preparation complement each other. Before taking action, it is necessary to think and prepare to guide the direction of the action; Continuously summarize and reflect on actions, and improve preparation. In learning and work, we should act decisively after careful consideration, and continuously accumulate and improve through action, so as to better achieve our goals and achieve a wonderful life.
参考立意
Reference concept
适度准备，为行动赋能
Moderate preparation, empowering action
先行动起来，在实践中完善准备
Take action first and improve preparation in practice
思行相谐，方能行稳致远
Harmony between thought and action is the key to stability and long-term success
莫让过度准备阻碍行动脚步
Don't let excessive preparation hinder your progress
行动是检验准备的最好方式
Action is the best way to test preparation
思而后行，行中再思
Think before acting, think again during action
把握行动与准备的平衡之道
Balancing Action and Preparation
以适度准备开启高效行动之旅
Embark on a journey of efficient action with moderate preparation
参考标题
Reference Title
《适度准备，行稳致远之基》
Moderate preparation is the foundation for steady and far-reaching actions
《先行动，于途中完善准备》
Take action first, prepare well on the way
《思行合一，人生至境》
Unity of Thought and Action, the Ultimate Realm of Life
《告别过度准备，勇敢行动起来》
Say goodbye to excessive preparation and bravely take action
《行动：准备的终极考场》
Action: The Ultimate Exam Room for Preparation
《思而后行，行中再思共进》
Think before you act, think together during your actions
《平衡行动与准备，迈向成功》
Balancing Action and Preparation towards Success
《适度准备，奏响行动华章》
Moderate Preparation, Play the Chapter of Action
写作提纲
writing outline
提纲一：以“思行相谐，行稳致远”为中心
Outline 1: Centered around "Harmony between thought and action, steady and far-reaching action"
标题：《思行相谐，行稳致远》
Title: "Harmony of thought and action, steady and far-reaching action"
开头：
start:
引用材料中孔子对季文子“三思而后行”的回应以及旅行博主的观点，引出“行动与行动之前的准备”这一话题，点明中心论点“思行相谐，行稳致远”。
Quoting Confucius' response to Ji Wenzi's "think twice before acting" and the views of travel bloggers in the cited materials, we introduce the topic of "action and preparation before action" and point out the central argument of "harmony between thought and action, steady and far-reaching action".
主体：
Subject:
分论点一：深思熟虑，为行动筑牢根基
Sub argument 1: Thoughtful consideration lays a solid foundation for action
列举诸葛亮未出茅庐便知天下三分，为刘备制定战略规划的事例，说明行动前充分思考准备能明确方向，避免盲目。
List the example of Zhuge Liang, who knew three parts of the world before leaving his thatched cottage, and formulated a strategic plan for Liu Bei to illustrate that thorough thinking and preparation before taking action can clarify the direction and avoid blindness.
阐述在生活、学习中，如考试前制定复习计划、项目开展前进行市场调研等，都是深思熟虑的体现，为行动成功奠定基础。
Elaborate that in life and study, such as developing a review plan before exams and conducting market research before project implementation, it is a thoughtful reflection that lays the foundation for successful action.
分论点二：果断行动，在过程中完善准备
Sub argument 2: Take decisive action and improve preparation during the process
讲述屠呦呦在研发青蒿素时，并非一开始就准备周全，而是在行动中不断尝试、改进，最终取得成功。
When Tu Youyou was developing artemisinin, she was not fully prepared from the beginning, but constantly tried and improved through her actions, ultimately achieving success.
结合现实，如创业者在创业过程中，根据市场需求和实际情况及时调整经营策略，在行动中完善准备。
Based on reality, entrepreneurs should adjust their business strategies in a timely manner according to market demand and actual situations during the entrepreneurial process, and improve their preparations in action.
分论点三：思行相谐，方能成就精彩人生
Sub argument 3: Only by harmonizing thoughts and actions can one achieve a wonderful life
分析只有将深思熟虑与果断行动相结合，才能在学习、工作、生活中取得更好的成绩。例如科学家在科研中，既有前期的理论准备，又有在实验中的不断探索。
Only by combining thoughtful consideration with decisive action can one achieve better results in learning, work, and life. For example, scientists in scientific research have both preliminary theoretical preparation and continuous exploration in experiments.
强调思行相谐对于个人成长和社会发展的重要性。
Emphasizing the importance of the harmony between thinking and action for personal growth and social development.
结尾：
ending:
总结全文，再次强调“思行相谐，行稳致远”的观点，鼓励人们在行动与准备之间找到平衡，勇敢前行。
To summarize the entire text, we once again emphasize the viewpoint of "harmonious thinking and action, steady and far-reaching action", encouraging people to find a balance between action and preparation, and bravely move forward.
提纲二：以“先行动，于途中完善准备”为中心
Outline 2: Centered around "take action first, improve preparation along the way"
标题：《先行动，于途中完善准备》
Title: "Take action first, prepare well on the way"
开头：
start:
由材料中旅行博主“不要等一切都准备好了再出发，先出发，在旅途中不断准备”的观点切入，提出中心论点“先行动，于途中完善准备”。
Starting from the perspective of the travel blogger in the material, 'Don't wait until everything is ready before setting off, set off first and constantly prepare during the journey,' the central argument is put forward, 'Take action first and improve preparation on the way.'.
主体：
Subject:
分论点一：过度准备是行动的绊脚石
Sub argument 1: Overpreparation is a stumbling block to action
列举生活中因过度准备而错失机会的例子，如有些人想学习一门新技能，却一直在纠结学习资料和学习方法，迟迟没有开始，最终技能没有学到，时间却浪费了。
List examples of missed opportunities in life due to excessive preparation, such as some people who want to learn a new skill but are constantly struggling with learning materials and methods, failing to start, ultimately failing to learn the skill and wasting time.
分析过度准备背后的心理原因，如追求完美、害怕失败等，说明这些心理会阻碍我们迈出行动的第一步。
Analyze the psychological reasons behind excessive preparation, such as the pursuit of perfection, fear of failure, etc., and explain that these psychological factors can hinder us from taking the first step towards action.
分论点二：行动是成长的催化剂
Sub argument 2: Action is a catalyst for growth
讲述一些成功人士在行动中不断成长的故事，如马云在创办阿里巴巴的过程中，一边行动一边解决问题，最终取得了巨大的成功。
Tell stories of successful individuals who constantly grow through their actions, such as Jack Ma who solved problems while taking action during the process of founding Alibaba, ultimately achieving great success.
强调行动能让我们在实践中积累经验、锻炼能力，发现自己的不足之处，从而有针对性地进行完善。
Emphasizing action can help us accumulate experience, exercise our abilities, discover our shortcomings, and make targeted improvements in practice.
分论点三：在行动中完善准备，实现目标
Sub argument three: Improve preparation in action to achieve goals
结合具体事例，如运动员在训练中，根据比赛情况不断调整训练计划，在行动中完善自己的技能和战术。
Based on specific examples, such as athletes constantly adjusting their training plans according to the competition situation during training, and improving their skills and tactics in action.
阐述在学习、工作中，我们也应该先行动起来，在实践中发现问题、解决问题，不断完善自己的准备，最终实现目标。
In learning and work, we should also take action first, discover and solve problems in practice, constantly improve our preparation, and ultimately achieve our goals.
结尾：
ending:
总结全文，再次强调“先行动，于途中完善准备”的重要性，呼吁人们勇敢地迈出行动的第一步，在实践中不断成长和进步。
To summarize the entire text, we once again emphasize the importance of "taking action first and improving preparation along the way", and call on people to bravely take the first step of action and continuously grow and progress in practice.
高分范文
High score essay
思行相谐，笃行致远
Harmony between thought and action, perseverance and far-reaching goals
《论语》中，季文子行事三思而后行，孔子却言“考虑两次即可”；旅行博主亦倡导不必万事俱备再出发，可在途中准备。这看似矛盾的言论，实则揭示了行动与准备之间辩证统一的智慧：思行相谐，方能笃行致远。
In the Analects, Ji Wenzi thinks twice before acting, while Confucius said, "Consider twice; Travel bloggers also advocate that it is not necessary to be fully prepared before setting off, but rather to prepare along the way. This seemingly contradictory statement actually reveals the wisdom of dialectical unity between action and preparation: the harmony of thought and action is the key to achieving long-term success.
深思熟虑，为行动筑牢根基。“凡事预则立，不预则废”，行动前的准备是成功的基石。古有诸葛亮未出茅庐便知天下三分，他长期隐居隆中，深入研读经史子集，对天下大势进行细致分析、周全考量。正是这充分的准备，让他在刘备三顾茅庐后，能提出三分天下的战略构想，为蜀汉的建立奠定坚实基础。今有屠呦呦在研发青蒿素时，查阅大量古代医书，进行无数次实验准备，最终成功提取出青蒿素，拯救了全球数百万人的生命。准备，是对目标的精准把握，是对困难的预先评估，是对资源的合理调配。它让我们在行动时心中有数，脚下有路，避免盲目和冲动，为成功增添更多可能。
Think carefully and build a solid foundation for action. Preparation before taking action is the cornerstone of success, as the saying goes, 'everything is established in advance, and failure to do so leads to failure.'. In ancient times, Zhuge Liang knew that the world was divided into three parts before he even left his thatched cottage. He lived in seclusion in Longzhong for a long time, delving deeply into the collection of classics and history, and conducting detailed analysis and comprehensive consideration of the general trend of the world. It was this ample preparation that enabled him to propose the strategic concept of dividing the world into three parts after Liu Bei visited the thatched cottage three times, laying a solid foundation for the establishment of Shu Han. During the development of artemisinin, Tu Youyou consulted numerous ancient medical books and conducted numerous experimental preparations, ultimately successfully extracting artemisinin and saving millions of lives worldwide. Preparation is the precise grasp of goals, the pre assessment of difficulties, and the rational allocation of resources. It gives us a clear idea when taking action, a path under our feet, avoids blindness and impulsiveness, and adds more possibilities for success.
然而，过度准备往往会陷入“完美主义”的陷阱，错失行动的良机。就像等待所有条件都成熟才播种的农夫，可能永远等不到那个“完美时刻”，最终只能眼睁睁看着季节流逝，颗粒无收。在现实生活中，我们常常因为害怕准备不足而犹豫不决，错失了许多宝贵的机会。有些人想要创业，却一直在做市场调研、写商业计划书，迟迟不敢迈出第一步，结果市场被他人抢占；有些人渴望学习一门新技能，却总是在纠结学习资料和学习方法，始终没有开始学习。其实，很多时候，我们并不需要等到一切都准备好了再行动，因为行动本身就是一种准备。在行动中，我们可以不断发现问题、解决问题，积累经验，完善计划。
However, excessive preparation often leads to the trap of "perfectionism" and missing out on opportunities for action. Just like a farmer who waits for all conditions to mature before sowing, they may never be able to wait for that "perfect moment", and ultimately can only watch the seasons pass by without any harvest. In real life, we often hesitate and miss many valuable opportunities due to fear of insufficient preparation. Some people want to start a business, but they keep doing market research and writing business plans, hesitating to take the first step, resulting in the market being seized by others; Some people are eager to learn a new skill, but always struggle with learning materials and methods, and never start learning. Actually, many times we don't need to wait until everything is ready before taking action, because action itself is a form of preparation. In action, we can constantly discover and solve problems, accumulate experience, and improve plans.
真正的智慧在于在深思熟虑与果断行动之间找到平衡。我们要像精明的航海家一样，在出发前仔细研究航海图，了解天气、海流等情况，做好充分的物资准备；但同时，也要有勇气在风浪中掌舵前行，根据实际情况及时调整航线。华为公司在决定进军5G领域时，并非毫无准备，而是基于多年在通信技术领域的深厚积累和研究。但在研发过程中，他们并没有因准备充分而停滞不前，而是迅速行动，不断投入资源，攻克技术难题，最终在5G技术上取得了领先地位。这种“思行相谐”的智慧，让华为在激烈的市场竞争中立于不败之地。
True wisdom lies in finding a balance between thoughtful consideration and decisive action. We should be like shrewd navigators, carefully studying the navigation chart before departure, understanding the weather, ocean currents, and other conditions, and making sufficient preparations for supplies; But at the same time, one must also have the courage to steer ahead in the wind and waves, and adjust the route in a timely manner according to the actual situation. When Huawei decided to enter the 5G field, it was not unprepared, but based on years of deep accumulation and research in the field of communication technology. But in the research and development process, they did not stagnate due to sufficient preparation, but acted quickly, continuously invested resources, overcame technical difficulties, and ultimately achieved a leading position in 5G technology. This kind of "harmonious thinking and action" wisdom has enabled Huawei to stand undefeated in the fierce market competition.
“道阻且长，行则将至；行而不辍，未来可期。”在人生的道路上，我们既要深思熟虑，为行动做好充分准备；又要果断行动，在行动中不断成长。让我们以深思为帆，以行动为桨，在时代的浪潮中乘风破浪，笃行致远，驶向成功的彼岸。
When the road is long and blocked, the journey is approaching; when the journey continues, the future is promising. On the path of life, we should not only think carefully, but also be fully prepared for action; We must take decisive action and constantly grow through our actions. Let us take deep thought as the sail and action as the oar, ride the wind and waves in the tide of the times, persevere and sail towards the shore of success.
精彩语句语段
Exciting sentences and phrases
哲理思辨类
Philosophical speculation
行动是思想的羽翼，准备是行动的基石。若过度沉溺于准备的海洋，便如折翼之鸟，难展翱翔之姿；若盲目扑向行动的天空，又似无根之木，难抗风雨之袭。唯有让准备与行动携手共舞，方能在人生的舞台上演绎出精彩绝伦的华章。
Action is the wing of thought, and preparation is the cornerstone of action. If one excessively indulges in the prepared ocean, they are like a bird with folded wings, unable to show their soaring posture; If blindly rushing towards the sky of action, it is like a rootless tree, difficult to withstand the attack of wind and rain. Only by letting preparation and action dance hand in hand can we perform brilliant and unparalleled chapters on the stage of life.
思考是行动的灯塔，照亮前行的道路；行动是思考的脚步，丈量梦想的距离。过度思考会让行动陷入犹豫的泥沼，停滞不前；而鲁莽行动则会使思考失去方向，四处碰壁。我们应在思考与行动之间找到平衡，以思考引领行动，用行动验证思考，让二者相得益彰，共同驶向成功的彼岸。
Thinking is the lighthouse of action, illuminating the path forward; Action is the footsteps of thinking, measuring the distance of dreams. Excessive thinking can lead to hesitation and stagnation in action; And reckless actions can make thinking lose direction and hit walls everywhere. We should find a balance between thinking and action, using thinking to lead action and action to validate thinking, so that the two complement each other and jointly sail towards the shore of success.
历史典故类
Historical allusions
犹记商鞅变法之时，秦国之势，犹如沉疴之躯，急需猛药。商鞅未因局势复杂、准备不足而踌躇不前，而是果断行动，在变法的浪潮中不断调整策略。他以徙木立信之举，破除旧贵之疑；以军功授爵之法，激发秦人之勇。正是这行动中的不断完善，让秦国焕发出勃勃生机，最终一统天下，成就千秋霸业。
I still remember during the time of Shang Yang's reform, the power of the Qin state was like a dying body, in urgent need of strong medicine. Shang Yang did not hesitate due to the complexity of the situation and insufficient preparation, but acted decisively and constantly adjusted his strategies in the wave of reform. He dispelled doubts about the old aristocracy by moving trees to establish trust; The method of awarding titles based on military achievements inspired the bravery of the Qin people. It was the continuous improvement in this action that made Qin Guohuan full of vitality, ultimately unifying the world and achieving eternal dominance.
张骞出使西域，前路茫茫，凶吉未卜。他未因对西域的陌生而退缩，毅然踏上征程。在漫长的旅途中，他一边探索未知，一边应对各种艰难险阻。他以无畏的勇气和坚定的信念，在行动中积累经验，完善对西域的认识。最终，他开辟了丝绸之路，让中原与西域的文化交流如繁花绽放，璀璨了历史的天空。
Zhang Qian went on a mission to the Western Regions, with a vast and uncertain road ahead. He did not shrink from the unfamiliarity with the Western Regions and resolutely embarked on his journey. On the long journey, he explored the unknown while dealing with various difficulties and obstacles. He accumulated experience and improved his understanding of the Western Regions through his fearless courage and firm belief in action. In the end, he opened up the Silk Road, allowing cultural exchanges between the Central Plains and the Western Regions to bloom like flowers, illuminating the sky of history.
科技创新类
Technology innovation category
爱迪生发明电灯，那是一场与黑暗的较量。他没有在无尽的思考中等待完美的方案，而是迅速行动起来，在实验室里日夜钻研。每一次失败都是一次成长的契机，他在行动中不断尝试新的材料，改进灯泡的设计。正是这种在行动中不断完善的执着，让光明终于照亮了世界，开启了人类电气时代的新纪元。
Edison invented the electric light, which was a battle against darkness. He didn't wait for a perfect solution in endless thinking, but quickly took action and studied day and night in the laboratory. Every failure is an opportunity for growth, and he constantly tries new materials and improves the design of light bulbs in his actions. It is this persistence that constantly improves in action that finally illuminates the world and opens up a new era of human electrical age.